Characteristics & Structure of Steelmaking Electric Arc Furnace

Electric arc furnace for steelmaking uses electricity as a heat source to make steel. It relies on the electric arc generated by the discharge between the electrode and the charge. By utilizing the arc heat, the electric energy is converted into heat energy in the arc light in the arc action zone, and the temperature can reach up to 4000℃. With the help of arc radiation and the direct action of the arc, the metal charge and slag are heated and melted to smelt various qualified steels and alloys.

Electric Arc Furnace For Steelmaking Characteristics

1. The electric furnace uses electricity as a heat source to avoid the pollution of molten steel by burning fuel, and has a high thermal efficiency of more than 65%;

2. During metal smelting, the temperature of the smelting pool is high and easy to control, which meets the requirements of smelting different types of steel;

3. The power input to the molten pool is easy to adjust due to the electric heat conversion, so its easy to realize the automation of the molten pool heating system and is easy to operate;

4. Electric arc furnace steelmaking can consume scrap steel, which is a process of recycling iron resources and an environmentally friendly technology for dealing with pollution. Its equivalent to a recycling tool for scrap steel in the steel industry and society.

5. The smoke & noise pollution during the steelmaking process of the electric arc furnace are easy to control;

6. The industrial electric furnace equipment is simple, the steelmaking process is short, the land is small, the investment is low, the plant construction is fast, and the production is flexible.

   The large amount of solid steel products produced by the steel industry will be a huge potential source of environmental pollution if not taken seriously. Some may even pose a serious threat to water quality, soil, etc.

7. For smelting metal, the electric arc furnace has greater process flexibility than other steelmaking furnaces, can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, the furnace temperature is easy to control, the equipment occupies a small area, and is suitable for the smelting of high-quality alloy steel.

Based on the sales and industry data of steelmaking electric arc furnaces in recent years, the following approximate investment data is for your reference.

Structure of Electric Arc Furnace For Steelmaking

• The furnace body of electric arc steelmaking furnace consists of furnace cover, furnace door, steel spout and furnace body.

• The furnace bottom and furnace wall are built with alkaline refractory materials or acidic refractory materials;

• The electric furnace built with acidic refractory materials can only use raw materials with very low phosphorus and sulfur content, so they are rarely used.

• The furnace cover is in the shape of a round arch, built with silica bricks, magnesia chrome bricks or high-alumina bricks on a water-cooled steel arch foot ring beam, which can be removed for repair and the charge can be removed.

• There are three graphite electrodes arranged in an equilateral triangle through the furnace cover and into the furnace, and a furnace transformer supplies power to the electrodes through cables, conductive tubes, and electrode holders, so that an arc occurs between the end of the electrode and the metal charge, converting electrical energy into the heat energy required to heat the furnace and melt molten steel.

The smelting process of the steelmaking electric arc furnace is generally divided into the melting period, oxidation period and reduction period. In the furnace, not only an oxidizing atmosphere but also a reducing atmosphere can be created, so the efficiency of dephosphorization and desulfurization is very high. Because in recent years, the demand for electric arc furnaces in the industrial electric furnace industry has been on the rise among a number of metal smelting equipment.

If you have any questions or needs about electric arc furnace for steelmaking, scrap steel, scrap metal, etc., please feel free to contact us at Sanrui Electric Furnace. We can provide engineering consulting, R&D, design, equipment supply, system integration and software preparation, construction, installation, commissioning, project management, technical services and training, production guidance, operation and maintenance, spare parts supply and other comprehensive engineering and technical services for metallurgical equipment, electric furnace steelmaking, and electric heating equipment.