09 03 24
Electric arc furnace steelmaking is a commonly used steelmaking method, and its process flow is as follows:
1. Preparation: Prepare raw materials in advance, including scrap steel, molten iron, iron ore, etc. At the same time, prepare the required auxiliary materials, such as limestone, lime, dolomite, etc.
2. Loading:First clean the steelmaking furnace, and then load the scrap steel and other raw materials into the furnace according to a certain proportion.
3. Ignition and preheating: After ignition, the electric arc is led into the furnace to start preheating. Preheating is to increase the temperature in the furnace and accelerate the melting of the raw materials.
4. Steelmaking: When the temperature in the furnace reaches a certain level, start to inject an appropriate amount of molten iron. At the same time, add a certain amount of auxiliary smelting agents (such as limestone, lime or dolomite) as needed to adjust the furnace temperature and slag composition.
5. Carry out smelting reaction: Under the high temperature of the electric arc, the iron and other impurities in the raw materials react with the oxygen in the furnace, mainly redox reaction and combustion reaction. During the smelting process, slag is continuously produced to discharge unwanted impurities from the furnace.
6. Alloy addition: Alloy elements can be added to the furnace at the right time as needed to adjust the composition and properties of the molten steel.
7. Temperature control: During the entire steelmaking process, the temperature in the furnace must be controlled to meet the needs of smelting. It is usually controlled by adjusting the arc current, airflow, etc.
8. Steel tapping: When the molten steel reaches the required composition and temperature, open the ladle or tilting furnace door and pour the molten steel into the cast steel mold for solidification and cooling.
9. Subsequent treatment of steel: The solidified billet is subjected to quenching, rolling and other processing techniques to obtain the required steel products.
In short, electric arc furnace steelmaking is a process of converting scrap steel and other raw materials into molten steel that meets the requirements through the high temperature and melting reaction of the arc. The process flow includes steps such as charging, ignition preheating, steelmaking, smelting reaction, alloy addition, temperature control, and steel tapping.
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